Female reproductive system

The female reproductive system includes organs such as the uterus (womb), ovaries, fallopian tubes and vagina, as well as hormones.

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What does a gynaecologist do?

A gynaecologist is a doctor specialising in women's reproductive systems. Fiind out what conditions gynaecologists treat, how they are trained and the costs of appointments with gynaecologists.

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Uterine disorders

Uterine disorders are medical issues relating to the uterus, such as endometriosis. Learn about symptoms, treatments and when to see your GP.

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Salpingectomy

Salpingectomy is the removal of one or both fallopian tubes. It can be done to treat conditions such as cancer, endometriosis or ectopic pregnancy.

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Bleeding after menopause

Bleeding after menopause should always be checked out by a doctor. Learn about possible causes of postmenopausal bleeding and what to do next.

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Endometrial biopsy

An endometrial biopsy is usually a safe and effective way of finding out if there is a problem with the lining of your womb.

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Vaginal dryness

Vaginal dryness is most common in females who have gone through menopause. Read more about the symptoms and treatments for vaginal dryness.

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The role of an oncologist

Oncologists identify, diagnose and treat people with cancer or suspected cancer. 3 main types include surgical, medical and radiation oncologists.

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Vaginal bleeding

Vaginal bleeding can happen at times other than during your periods. Find out what to do if you have heavy periods or unexpected vaginal bleeding.

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Vaginismus

Vaginismus occurs when the muscles around your vagina tighten involuntarily. Learn more about causes, symptoms and treatments for vaginismus.

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Lynch syndrome

Lynch syndrome, formerly known as HNPCC, is a genetic condition that increases the risk of a person developing some cancers, such as bowel cancer.

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Labia problems

Learn about what is normal for your labia — the vulva folds or lips outside of your genitals (vulva). Problems can include cysts or a rash.

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Uterine fibroids

A fibroid is a non-cancerous growth in the muscle layer of your uterus (womb). Find out about fibroids, including symptoms, causes and treatments.

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Laparoscopic oophorectomy

A laproscopic ophorectomy is an operation to remove one of or both your ovaries, most commonly because of an ovarian cyst.

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Thermal balloon endometrial ablation

Thermal balloon endometrial ablation is an operation that uses a balloon filled with hot water to remove the lining of your uterus (womb) to reduce or stop periods.

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Prolapsed uterus

Read about prolapsed uterus — when your uterus (womb) slowly drops down toward the opening of your vagina — including causes, symptoms and treatment.

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Radio-frequency endometrial ablation

A radio-frequency endometrial ablation is an operation that uses radio-frequency energy to remove the lining of your uterus (womb). Usually this is done to reduce or stop periods.

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Premature and early menopause

Early menopause and premature menopause is when menopause happens before the age of 45 years. Read about the causes, symptoms and treatments here.

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Irregular periods

Irregular periods are periods that don’t follow a regular pattern. If your period stops or changes in any way, you should see your doctor.

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Heavy periods

Heavy periods (menorrhagia) are common. Here's what you can do for heavy periods, starting with a doctor's visit, medicines and surgery.

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Retained tampon or other object

Sometimes a tampon or other object can become lost or stuck in your vagina. Learn what to do if you have something stuck in your vagina.

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Tubal ligation

Tubal ligation is a permanent form of contraception or sterilisation. Read about the benefits, risks and alternatives to having your tubes tied.

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Cancer of the uterus

Cancer of the uterus (womb) includes endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma. Find out about the symptoms, tests and treatments for cancer of the uterus.

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Rectocele

A rectocele happens when your rectum bulges into your back vaginal wall. Find out about the symptoms, getting care and possible treatments here.

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Oophorectomy

Oophorectomy is the surgical removal of one or both ovaries, usually performed to treat an ovarian cyst, ovarian cancer or other ovary-related problem.

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Bartholin’s cysts

Bartholin's cysts can develop if the ducts of the Bartholin's glands, found inside the vagina, become blocked. Learn about the causes and treatment.

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Ovarian cysts

An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac in the ovary and is common. Learn more about the types of cysts, symptoms and treatments and when to seek care.

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Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer develops in the lining of the uterus (womb). Learn how to spot the signs of endometrial cancer and what your treatment options are.

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